FYUG Even Semester Exam, 2025 Computer Science

Subject: Computer Science

Course No: CSCIDC-151

Paper Name: Programming Fundamentals with C

Semester: 2nd Semester

Exam Year: 2025

Full Marks: 70

UNIT-I

1. Answer any four questions [1x4=4]

(a) What is a computer program?
A computer program is a collection of instructions that can be executed by a computer to perform a specific task.

(b) Define the term 'testing'.
Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors or verifying that it meets specified requirements.

(c) What is error?
An error is a flaw or mistake in a program that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result.

(d) What is object code?
Object code is the low-level machine-readable code produced by a compiler or assembler from source code.

3. (b) Write short notes on the following: [2x4=8]

Compiler: A program that translates high-level source code into machine-readable object code all at once.

Assembler: A utility that translates assembly language code into machine language.

Syntax Error: Errors that occur when the code violates the grammatical rules of the programming language.

Run-time Error: Errors that occur during the execution of a program, such as division by zero.

UNIT-II

4. (a) What is a flowchart? [1 Mark]

A flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm or process using different symbols.

6. (a) Rules for designing a flowchart & Circle Area [2+6=8]

Rules for Flowcharting:

Use standard symbols (Oval for Start/End, Rectangle for Process).

Flow direction should be from top to bottom or left to right.

Ensure every flowchart has a single Start and at least one End.

Algorithm for Area of Circle:

Start.
Input radius (R).
Calculate Area = 3.14 * R * R.
Display Area.
Stop.

UNIT-III

8. (a) What are the different primary data types used in C? [8 Marks]

Primary data types in C include:

Type	Keyword	Description
Integer	int	Stores whole numbers.
Character	char	Stores a single character.
Floating Point	float	Stores decimal numbers.
Double	double	Stores high-precision decimals.

9. (a) Simple Interest Program [4 Marks]

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {

      float p, r, t, si;

      printf("Enter Principal, Rate, Time: ");

      scanf("%f %f %f", &p, &r, &t);

      si = (p * r * t) / 100;

      printf("Simple Interest = %f", si);

      return 0;

    }

UNIT-IV

11. (a) Entry-controlled vs Exit-controlled loop [8 Marks]

Feature	Entry-controlled (while)	Exit-controlled (do-while)
Condition Check	Check at the beginning.	Check at the end.
Min Execution	Zero times.	At least once.

12. (a) Factorial using while loop [5 Marks]

    int n, i=1, fact=1;

    while(i <= n) {

      fact = fact * i;

      i++;

    }

UNIT-V

14. (b) Difference between call by value and call by reference. [8 Marks]

Call by Value: A copy of the actual argument is passed to the function. Changes made in the function do not affect the original variable.

Call by Reference: The address of the variable is passed. Changes made in the function affect the original variable.

15. (a) Sum and Average of Array Elements [6 Marks]

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {

      int arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}, sum = 0;

      for(int i=0; i<5; i++) { sum += arr[i]; }

      printf("Sum: %d, Avg: %f", sum, sum/5.0);

      return 0;

    }

Exam Success Strategy

Flowcharts: Always use the correct terminal (Oval) and process (Rectangle) symbols to ensure full marks.

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Syntax: For programs, ensure you include header files like <stdio.h>[span_31](end_span).

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Keywords: Mention specific keywords like int, float, or while when defining data types or loops[span_33](end_span).